Endocrine System

The endocrine system is a network of glands that release hormones which regulate all bodily functions, as well as body energies, and maintain overall balance and harmony.  Additionally, this system monitors the body, responds to injuries, stress, and changes in mood.

As hormone levels rise or fall, the system signals other glands to either stop producing or to increase and release more; this process, called homeostasis, functions like a thermostat controlling every process in the body, including:

·     Metabolism and immunity

·     Growth and development

·     Body temperature

·     Hunger and thirst

·     Emotions and mood

·     Fertility and sexual function

·     Sleep

·     Blood pressure

When glands produce too much or too little hormone, it can cause various health issues, such as weight gain, high blood pressure, and changes in sleep patterns, mood, and behavior. Several factors can affect how your body produces and manages hormones. Illness, stress, and certain medications can cause a hormone imbalance.

The main glands that produce hormones include:

The Hypothalamus is the link between the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems. It keeps a stable state called homeostasis, which manages body temperature, hunger and thirst, mood, sex drive, blood pressure, and sleep. It sits above the anterior and posterior pituitary glands and releases hormones that allow other hormones to be distributed by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands.

The Pituitary gland is pea-sized and controls the thyroid, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testicles. Oversees body growth

The Thyroid gland regulates the body's metabolism.

The Parathyroid gland controls the level of calcium, affecting the heart, kidneys, bones, and nervous system.

The Thymus gland produces white blood cells that fight infections and destroy abnormal cells.

The Adrenal Glands release corticosteroids and epinephrine that regulate blood pressure, metabolism, sexual development, and stress response.

The Pineal Gland produces the hormone melatonin, which helps the body know when to sleep.

The Pancreas regulates digestion, hormone production, and produces insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels.

The Ovaries contain the egg cells necessary for reproduction and produce estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone.

The Testes make sperm and release the hormone testosterone. This hormone affects sperm production, muscle strength, and sex drive.

Ayurveda and the Endocrine System:

There’s no reference to ‘hormones’ in the original texts of Ayurveda. Still, all of the bodily systems associated with this system are clinically understood and treated to maintain the balance of the doshas.

The Vata dosha is closely connected to the nervous system due to its association with the air element, and maintaining balance in the adrenal glands is a key focus. Pitta naturally relates to fire-related functions and chemical processes, including digestive enzymes, as well as liver and blood functions. Kapha is associated with the earth and water elements and is the builder of the body. Still, excessive buildup of this can slow digestion, blocking the flow of nutrients and waste, which may lead to a sluggish thyroid and other health issues. Imbalances in the endocrine system can include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Graves' disease, thyroiditis, Addison's disease, adrenal fatigue, and Cushing's syndrome.

Yoga directly influences and stimulates all the glands and systems, and its practice affects the “vagal tone” in the circulatory system, lowering the resting heart rate, decreasing blood pressure, and increasing heart rate variability, balancing fluctuations between heartbeats. Additionally, it is linked to the calming effect of the parasympathetic nervous system, which helps regulate heart rate, digestion, and emotional stability.

The practice of Yoga positively influences the glands through its connection to the chakras (energy centers), which are linked to the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual realms of the body. The use of specific postures, breathing techniques, and meditations can be used to stimulate particular glands and affect the body, mind, and spirit:

Hormones and Chakras:

Crown chakra is associated with the pineal gland, regulating melatonin and sleep-wake cycles.

Third eye chakra is related to the pituitary, regulating the thyroid and adrenals.

Throat chakra is linked to the thyroid-parathyroid and regulates metabolism and energy.

Heart is associated with thymus and the immune development function.

Solar plexus is related to the pancreas, which is responsible for insulin.

Sacral chakra is linked to the gonads and produces sex hormones.

Root chakra is associated with the adrenal glands and managing stress